Gdańsk Fortress Route

Before 960
Pomeranian tribal state

Beginning of the 10th century - Stronghold on Góra Gradowa.
Ca 930 Construction of a stronghold in the place of today's Main Town.
The 10-11th century. Construction of a fortified stronghold at the mouth of the Motława River to the Vistula River.

ca 960 - 1227
Duchy/Kingdom of Poland

Half of the 13th century. Construction of the fortifications of the Old Town
1272 Demolition of the fortifications of the Old Town.
1280s Construction of the church of St. Nicolaus

1227-1294
Duchy of Pomerania

Half of the 13th century. Construction of the fortifications of the Old Town
1272 Demolition of the fortifications of the Old Town.
1280s Construction of the church of St. Nicolaus

1294-1308
Kingdom of Poland

1308-1454

State of the Teutonic Order

Since 1338 Construction of the Teutonic castle
First half of the 14th century Construction of the Main Town Hall
1343 Beginning of the construction of the Main Town walls
1343 Start of construction of the St Mary Church

1454-1793

Kingdom of Poland/Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

(first republic)

1454 Demolition of the Teutonic castle
1470 Construction of Wisłoujście Lighthouse
1534-1577 Construction of western line of city bastion fortification
1576 construction of new Motlawa canal
1586–1602 Construction of Fort Carré in Wisłoujście
1600–1605 Construction of Great Armoury
1622–1635 Construction of northern, eastern and southern line of bastion fortification
1633 Neptun fountain
1624–1626 Construction of Wisłoujście Eastern Rampart

1793-1807

Kingdom of Prussia

1807-1814

Free City of Gdańsk

(under the protection of France)

1807-1813 Napoleonic extension of the fortifications

1814-1920

Kingdom of Prussia/German Empire/Weimar Republic

1852 Construction of the railway gate, the last city gate of Gdańsk
1869-1910 Construction of coastal artillery batteries
1895-1920 Demolition the 17th century walls

1852 Construction of the railway gate, the last city gate of Gdańsk
1869-1910 Construction of coastal artillery batteries
1895-1920 Demolition the 17th century walls

1920-1939

Free City of Gdańsk

(under the protection

of League of Nations)

1926-1939 Construction of a Polish military depot at Westerplatte

1939-1945

German Reich

1945-1989

Polish People's Republic

1950-1960 Reconstruction of the Main Town

1989 -

Republic of Poland

(third Republic)

2010-2014 Construction of European Solidarity Centre
2014-2017 Construction of Museum of the Second World War

● before 960

Conquest of Gdańsk by Poland

● 997 First written mention of
the city of Gdańsk
● 1226 Creation of the
Teutonic Order State on the
Polish-Prussian border

● 1280s A colony of
merchants from Lübeck is
established in Gdańsk.

● 1308-1309 Demolition of
the city by Teutonic Order
● 1343 Founding of the Main
City (Rechtstadt)
● 1361 Gdańsk joins of the
Hanseatic League

● 1454- ca 1655 Golden age
of Gdańsk
● 1454-1466 Thirteen Years;
War between Poland and
State of Teutonic Order
● 1522 Beginning of the
Reformation in Gdańsk
● 1576-1577 The rebellion of
the city of Danzig against the king.

Siege of the city by Polish troops
● 1655–1661 “The Deluge”,
Polish-Swedish war, siege of
Gdańsk
● 1734 Siege of Gdańsk by
Russian and Saxon troops
● 1772 First partition of
Poland by Austria, Prussia
and Russia

● 1793 Second partition of
Poland by Prussia and
Russia
● 1795 Third partition of
Poland by Austria, Prussia
and Russia
● 1806-1807 Siege of Gdańsk
by French, Polish, Italian
and Saxon troops

● 1812/1813 Napoleon’s
Russia campaign
● 1813-1814 Siege of Gdańsk
by Russian and Prussian
troops

● 1939 Attack on
Westerplatte, beginning of
World War II

● 1945 Destruction of the
historic center of Gdańsk,
end of World War II

● 1989 Parliamentary election
in Poland - first free election
in Eastern Europe
● 1989 Fall of the Berlin Wall
● 2004 Poland joins the EU

● 1815 Congress of Vienna
● 1914-1918 WorldWar I
● 1918 Rise of the Republic of
Poland (second republic)

Gdańsk Fortress CULTURAL HERITAGE ROUTE
Documentation of monumental complexes in Gdańsk

Gdańsk

Earliest fortifications of the city 14th-15th
Medieval Period

15 Latarniana

(PL) Baszta Latarniana

(DE)Wehrturm in der Laternengasse

16 Straw Tower

(PL) Baszta Słomiana

(DE) Strohturm

17 Torture House and Prison Tower

(PL) Zespół przedbramia Ulicy Długiej

(Katownia i Wieża Więzienna)

(DE) Langerstraßentorkomplex (Peinkammer und Stockturm)

18 Corner Tower

(PL) Baszta Narożna
(DE) Eckturm am Stadthof

19 Corner Walls

(PL) Murami Narożna

20 Schultz Tower

(PL) Baszta Schultza

(DE) Schultz Turm

21 Tower of Anchors

(PL) Baszta Kotwiczników

(DE) Ankerschmiedeturm

22 Pod Zręb Tower

(PL) Baszta pod Zrębem / Baszta Atutowa

(DE) Trumpfturm

23 White Tower

(PL) Baszta Biała
(DE) Weißer Turm

24 New Tower

(PL) Baszta Nowa

(DE) Neuer Turm

25 Remains of the walls of the Teutonic castle

(PL) Relikty murów zamku krzyżackiego

(DE) Relikte der Mauern der Deutschordensburg

1 Cow’s Gate

(PL) Brama Krowia

(DE) Kuhtor

2 Cog Gate (new green gate)

(PL) Brama kogi teraz Brama Zielona

3 Chlebnicka Gate

(PL) Brama Chlebnicka

(DE) Brotbänkentor

4 St. Mary's Gate

(PL) Brama Mariacka

(DE) Frauentor

5 Holy Spirit Gate

(PL) Brama Świętego Ducha

(DE) Heilige Geist Tor

6 Crane Gate

(PL) ŻurawKrantor

7 St. John's Gate

(PL) Brama Świętojańska

(DE) Johannistor

8 Staganiarska Gate

(PL) Brama Straganiarska
(DE) Häkertor

9 Golden Gate

(PL) Złota Brama

(DE) Goldenes Tor (Langgasser Tor)

10 Stągiewna Gates

(PL) Brama Stągiewna
(DE) Milchkannentor

11 Swan Tower

(PL) Baszta Łabędź

(DE) Schwanturm

12 Eastern part of northern Walls

(PL) Murami Łabędź

13 Western part of northern Walls

(PL) Murami Katov

14 Jacek Tower

(PL)Baszta Jacek
(DE) Kiek in de Kök Turm

Early modern fortifications
16th century and first half of 17th century

33 Wyskok Bastion

(PL) Bastion Wyskok

(DE) Aussprung Bastion

34 Bear Bastion

(PL) Bastion Miś
(DE) Bëren Bastion

35 Królik Bastion

(PL) Bastion Królik

36 St. Elizabeth’s Bastion

(PL) Bastion Św. Elżbiety

(DE) Elisabeth Bastion

37 Cat Bastion

(PL) Bastion Kot

(DE) Katze Bastion

38 Wiebe Bastion

(PL) Bastion Wibego
(DE) Wieben Bastion

26 High Gate

(PL) Brama Wyżynna

(DE) Hohes Tor

27 Lowland Gate

(PL) Brama Nizinna

(DE) Leeges Tor

28 Żuławy Gate (Long Gardens Gate)

(PL) Brama Żuławska (Brama Długich Ogrodów)
(DE) Langgarter Tor

29 St Gertrude Bastion

(PL) Bastion św. Gertrudy

(DE) Gertrude Bastion

30 Aurochs Bastion

(PL) Bastion Żubr

(DE) Aurochs Bastion Maidloch Bastion

31 Stone Sluice (Main Sluice)

(PL) Śluza Kamienna (Główna Śluza)

(DE) Steinschleuze (Hauptschleuse)

32 Wolf Bastion

(PL) Bastion Wilk

(DE) Wolf Bastion

External fortifications
Second half of the 17th and 18th centuries

39 Jesuit Rampart

(PL) Szaniec Jezuicki

(DE) Jesuiten Schanze

40 Fortification of Bishops Hill

(PL) Fortyfikacje Biskupiej Górki

(DE) Bishofs Berg Fortifications

41 Fortifications of Gradowa Hill (Grodzisko)

(PL) Zespół fortyfikacji Grodziska

(DE) Hagels Berg

42 Wisłoujście Fortress Complex

(PL) Zespół fortyfikacji Wisłoujścia

(DE) Weichselmünde

Fortifications
19th and 20th centuries

43 Fortifications of Railway Gate

(PL) Brama kolejowa

44 Osiek Shelter

(PL) Schron na Osieku

45 Hospital Shelter

(PL) Schron szpitala na ul . Klinicznej

46 Seagulls Rampart

(PL) Mewi Szaniec

(DE) Möwen Schanze

47 Westerplatte Peninsula Fortification

(PL) Zespół fortyfikacji Westerplatte
(DE) Westerplatte Fortification

48 Port Battery

(PL) Bateria Portowa

(DE) Port Baterie

49 Beach Battery

(PL) Bateria Plażowa

(DE) Strand Baterie

50 Village Battery

(PL) Bateria Wiejska

(DE) Dorfbatterie